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The CISSP certification is considered one of the most prestigious certifications in the field of information security. It is a vendor-neutral certification, which means that it is not tied to any specific technology or product. The certification is offered by the International Information System Security Certification Consortium (ISC)2, a non-profit organization that promotes best practices in information security and cybersecurity.
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Exam OutlineAccording to the vendor, the CISSP test is available in two options: CAT (English exam) and Linear (test in other languages). As for the CAT variation, it has 100-150 questions in multiple-choice and advances innovative formats. The exam duration is 3 hours. The passing score for this test is 700 out of 1000 points. When it comes to the Linear exam, it will last for 6 hours with 250 items to complete. In all, the candidates who prepare for either exam variation are expected to have in-depth knowledge of software development security and its risks across eight security areas, which are as follows:
Operations for Security;Security Testing and Assessment;Security for Software Development.Security of Assets;Identity & Access Management;Risk Management alongside Security Concepts;Engineering & Security Architecture;Finally, you can schedule your CISSP certification exam by creating a Pearson VUE account. Make sure you can then select your nearest testing center.
ISC Certified Information Systems Security Professional Sample Questions (Q193-Q198):NEW QUESTION # 193
Which of the following does not apply to system-generated passwords?
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 194
Which of the following phases of a system development life-cycle is most concerned with maintaining proper authentication of users and processes to ensure appropriate access control decisions?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The operation phase of an IT system is concerned with user authentication.
Authentication is the process where a system establishes the validity of a transmission, message, or a means of verifying the eligibility of an individual, process, or machine to carry out a desired action, thereby ensuring that security is not compromised by an untrusted source.
It is essential that adequate authentication be achieved in order to implement security policies and achieve security goals. Additionally, level of trust is always an issue when dealing with cross-domain interactions. The solution is to establish an authentication policy and apply it to cross-domain interactions as required.
Source: STONEBURNER, Gary & al, National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST), NIST Special Publication 800-27, Engineering Principles for Information
Technology Security (A Baseline for Achieving Security), June 2001 (page 15).
NEW QUESTION # 195
During the initial stage of configuration of your firewall, which of the following rules appearing in an Internet firewall policy is inappropriate?
Answer: A
Explanation:
As it is very clearly state in NIST SP 800-41-Rev1: New firewalls should be tested and evaluated before deployment to ensure that they are working
properly. Testing should be completed on a test network without connectivity to the production
network. This test network should attempt to replicate the production network as faithfully as
possible, including the network topology and network traffic that would travel through the firewall.
Aspects of the solution to evaluate include the following:
Connectivity
Users can establish and maintain connections through the firewall.
Ruleset
Traffic that is specifically allowed by the security policy is permitted. All traffic that is not allowed by
the security policy is blocked. Verification of the ruleset should include both reviewing it manually
and testing whether the rules work as expected.
Application Compatibility
Host-based or personal firewall solutions do not break or interfere with the use of existing software
applications. This includes network communications between application components. Network
firewall solutions do not interfere with applications that have components that interact through the
firewall (e.g., client and server software).
Management
Administrators can configure and manage the solution effectively and securely.
Logging
Logging and data management function in accordance with the organization's policies and
strategies.
Performance
Solutions provide adequate performance during normal and peak usage. In many cases, the best
way to test performance under the load of a prototype implementation is to use simulated traffic
generators on a live test network to mimic the actual characteristics of expected traffic as closely
as possible. Simulating the loads caused by DoS attacks can also be helpful in assessing firewall
performance. Testing should incorporate a variety of applications that will traverse the firewall,
especially those that are most likely to be affected by network throughput or latency issues.
Security of the Implementation
The firewall implementation itself may contain vulnerabilities and weaknesses that attackers could
exploit. Organizations with high security needs may want to perform vulnerability assessments
against firewall components.
Component Interoperability
Components of the firewall solution must function together properly. This is of greatest concern
when a variety of components from different vendors are used.
Policy Synchronization If there are multiple firewalls running synchronized policies or groups of rules, test that the synchronization works in various scenarios (such as if one or more nodes are offline).
Additional Features Additional features that will be used by the firewall-such as VPN and antimalware capabilities-should be tested to ensure they are working properly.
If a firewall needs to be brought down for reconfiguration, Internet services should be disabled or a secondary firewall should be made operational; internal systems should not be connected to the Internet without a firewall.
After being reconfigured and tested, the firewall must be brought back into an operational and reliable state.
Reference(s) used for this question: GUTTMAN, Barbara & BAGWILL, Robert, NIST Special Publication 800-xx, Internet Security Policy: A Technical Guide, Draft Version, May 25, 2000 (pages 76-78). and NIST SP 800-41-Rev1, Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy
NEW QUESTION # 196
Sam is the security Manager of an financial institute. Senior management has requested he performs a risk analysis on all critical vulnerabilities reported by an IS auditor. After completing the risk analysis, Sam has observed that for a few of the risks, the cost benefit analysis shows that risk mitigation cost (countermeasures, controls, or safeguard) is more than the potential lost that could be incurred. What kind of a strategy should Sam recommend to the senior management to treat these risks?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Risk acceptance is the practice of accepting certain risk(s), typically based on a business decision that may also weigh the cost versus the benefit of dealing with the risk in another way.
For your exam you should know below information about risk assessment and treatment:
A risk assessment, which is a tool for risk management, is a method of identifying vulnerabilities and threats and assessing the possible impacts to determine where to implement security controls. A risk assessment is carried out, and the results are analyzed. Risk analysis is used to ensure that security is cost-effective, relevant, timely, and responsive to threats. Security can be quite complex, even for well-versed security professionals, and it is easy to apply too much security, not enough security, or the wrong security controls, and to spend too much money in the process without attaining the necessary objectives. Risk analysis helps companies prioritize their risks and shows management the amount of resources that should be applied to protecting against those risks in a sensible manner.
A risk analysis has four main goals:
Identify assets and their value to the organization.
Identify vulnerabilities and threats.
Quantify the probability and business impact of these potential threats.
Provide an economic balance between the impact of the threat and the cost of the countermeasure. Treating Risk
Risk Mitigation Risk mitigation is the practice of the elimination of, or the significant decrease in the level of risk presented. Examples of risk mitigation can be seen in everyday life and are readily apparent in the information technology world. Risk Mitigation involves applying appropriate control to reduce risk. For example, to lessen the risk of exposing personal and financial information that is highly sensitive and confidential organizations put countermeasures in place, such as firewalls, intrusion detection/prevention systems, and other mechanisms, to deter malicious outsiders from accessing this highly sensitive information. In the underage driver example, risk mitigation could take the form of driver education for the youth or establishing a policy not allowing the young driver to use a cell phone while driving, or not letting youth of a certain age have more than one friend in the car as a passenger at any given time.
Risk Transfer Risk transfer is the practice of passing on the risk in question to another entity, such as an insurance company. Let us look at one of the examples that were presented above in a different way. The family is evaluating whether to permit an underage driver to use the family car. The family decides that it is important for the youth to be mobile, so it transfers the financial risk of a youth being in an accident to the insurance company, which provides the family with auto insurance. It is important to note that the transfer of risk may be accompanied by a cost. This is certainly true for the insurance example presented earlier, and can be seen in other insurance instances, such as liability insurance for a vendor or the insurance taken out by companies to protect against hardware and software theft or destruction. This may also be true if an organization must purchase and implement security controls in order to make their organization less desirable to attack. It is important to remember that not all risk can be transferred. While financial risk is simple to transfer through insurance, reputational risk may almost never be fully transferred.
Risk Avoidance Risk avoidance is the practice of coming up with alternatives so that the risk in question is not realized. For example, have you ever heard a friend, or parents of a friend, complain about the costs of insuring an underage driver? How about the risks that many of these children face as they become mobile? Some of these families will decide that the child in question will not be allowed to drive the family car, but will rather wait until he or she is of legal age (i.e., 18 years of age) before committing to owning, insuring, and driving a motor vehicle. In this case, the family has chosen to avoid the risks (and any associated benefits) associated with an underage driver, such as poor driving performance or the cost of insurance for the child. Although this choice may be available for some situations, it is not available for all. Imagine a global retailer who, knowing the risks associated with doing business on the Internet, decides to avoid the practice. This decision will likely cost the company a significant amount of its revenue (if, indeed, the company has products or services that consumers wish to purchase). In addition, the decision may require the company to build or lease a site in each of the locations, globally, for which it wishes to continue business. This could have a catastrophic effect on the company's ability to continue business operations
Risk Acceptance In some cases, it may be prudent for an organization to simply accept the risk that is presented in certain scenarios. Risk acceptance is the practice of accepting certain risk(s), typically based on a business decision that may also weigh the cost versus the benefit of dealing with the risk in
another way.
For example, an executive may be confronted with risks identified during the course of a risk
assessment for their organization. These risks have been prioritized by high, medium, and low
impact to the organization. The executive notes that in order to mitigate or transfer the low-level
risks, significant costs could be involved. Mitigation might involve the hiring of additional highly
skilled personnel and the purchase of new hardware, software, and office equipment, while
transference of the risk to an insurance company would require premium payments. The
executive then further notes that minimal impact to the organization would occur if any of the
reported low-level threats were realized. Therefore, he or she (rightly) concludes that it is wiser for
the organization to forgo the costs and accept the risk. In the young driver example, risk
acceptance could be based on the observation that the youngster has demonstrated the
responsibility and maturity to warrant the parent's trust in his or her judgment.
The following answers are incorrect:
Risk Transfer - Risk transfer is the practice of passing on the risk in question to another entity,
such as an insurance company. Let us look at one of the examples that were presented above in a
different way.
Risk Avoidance - Risk avoidance is the practice of coming up with alternatives so that the risk in
question is not realized.
Risk Mitigation - Risk mitigation is the practice of the elimination of, or the significant decrease in
the level of risk presented.
The following reference(s) were/was used to create this question:
CISA Review Manual 2014 Page number 51
and
Official ISC2 guide to CISSP CBK 3rd edition page number 534-539
NEW QUESTION # 197
Which formula accurately represents an Annualized Loss Expectancy (ALE) calculation?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct answer is SLE x ARO. Answer Asset Value (AV) x EF is the formula for an SLE, and answers ARO x EF - SLE and % of ARO xAV are nonsense.
NEW QUESTION # 198
......
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