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NEW QUESTION 30
Which of the following refers to the exploitation of a valid computer session to gain unauthorized access to information or services in a computer system?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Session hijacking refers to the exploitation of a valid computer session to gain unauthorized access to information or services in a computer system. In particular, it is used to refer to the theft of a magic cookie used to authenticate a user to a remote server. It has particular relevance to Web developers, as the HTTP cookies used to maintain a session on many Web sites can be easily stolen by an attacker using an intermediary computer or with access to the saved cookies on the victim's computer (see HTTP cookie theft).
TCP session hijacking is when a hacker takes over a TCP session between two machines. Since most authentication only occurs at the start of a TCP session, this allows the hacker to gain access to a machine.
Answer option A is incorrect. Spoofing is a technique that makes a transmission appear to have come from an authentic source by forging the IP address, email address, caller ID, etc. In IP spoofing, a hacker modifies packet headers by using someone else's IP address to hide his identity. However, spoofing cannot be used while surfing the Internet, chatting on-line, etc. because forging the source IP address causes the responses to be misdirected.
Answer option B is incorrect. Smurf is an attack that generates significant computer network traffic on a victim network. This is a type of denial-of-service attack that floods a target system via spoofed broadcast ping messages. In such attacks, a perpetrator sends a large amount of ICMP echo request (ping) traffic to IP broadcast addresses, all of which have a spoofed source IP address of the intended victim. If the routing device delivering traffic to those broadcast addresses delivers the IP broadcast to all hosts, most hosts on that IP network will take the ICMP echo request and reply to it with an echo reply, which multiplies the traffic by the number of hosts responding.
Answer option D is incorrect. Phishing is a type of scam that entices a user to disclose personal information such as social security number, bank account details, or credit card number. An example of phishing attack is a fraudulent e-mail that appears to come from a user's bank asking to change his online banking password.
When the user clicks the link available on the e-mail, it directs him to a phishing site which replicates the original bank site. The phishing site lures the user to provide his personal information.
NEW QUESTION 31
Which of the following representatives in the incident response process are included in the incident response team? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
Answer: A,B,C,D,F
Explanation:
Incident response is a process that detects a problem, determines the cause of an issue, minimizes the damages, resolves the problem, and documents each step of process for future reference. To perform all these roles, an incident response team is needed. The incident response team includes the following representatives who are involved in the incident response process: Lead investigator: The lead investigator is the manager of an incident response team. He is always involved in the creation of an incident response plan. The duties of a lead investigator are as follows:Keep the management updated.Ensure that the incident response moves smoothly and efficiently.Interview and interrogate the suspects and witnesses. Information security representative: The information security representative is a member of the incident response team who alerts the team about possible security safeguards that can impact their ability to respond to an incident. Legal representative: The legal representative is a member of the incident response team who ensures that the process follows all the laws during the response to an incident. Technical representative: Technical representative is a representative of the incident response team. More than one technician can be deployed to an incident. The duties of a technical representative are as follows:Perform forensic backups of the systems that are involved in an incident. Provide more information about the configuration of the network or system. Human resources: Human resources personnel ensure that the policies of the organization are enforced during the incident response process. They suspend access to a suspect if it is needed. Human resources personnel are closely related with the legal representatives and cover up the organization's legal responsibility.
NEW QUESTION 32
Which of the following is the practice of sending unwanted e-mail messages, frequently with commercial content, in large quantities to an indiscriminate set of recipients? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
E-mail spam, also known as unsolicited bulk email (UBE), junk mail, or unsolicited commercial email (UCE), is the practice of sending unwanted e-mail messages, frequently with commercial content, in large quantities to an indiscriminate set of recipients. Answer option A is incorrect. Email spoofing is a fraudulent email activity in which the sender address and other parts of the email header are altered to appear as though the email originated from a different source. Email spoofing is a technique commonly used in spam and phishing emails to hide the origin of the email message. By changing certain properties of the email, such as the From, Return-Path and Reply-To fields (which can be found in the message header), ill-intentioned users can make the email appear to be from someone other than the actual sender. The result is that, although the email appears to come from the address indicated in the From field (found in the email headers), it actually comes from another source. Answer option D is incorrect. Email jamming is the use of sensitive words in e-mails to jam the authorities that listen in on them by providing a form of a red herring and an intentional annoyance. In this attack, an attacker deliberately includes "sensitive" words and phrases in otherwise innocuous emails to ensure that these are picked up by the monitoring systems. As a result the senders of these emails will eventually be added to a "harmless" list and their emails will be no longer intercepted, hence it will allow them to regain some privacy.
NEW QUESTION 33
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