Subserosal fibroids are a common type of uterine fibroid that develop on the outer surface of the uterus. While many women may not experience noticeable symptoms, these fibroids can cause significant discomfort and complications for others. In this blog, we will explore the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for subserosal fibroids.

Symptoms of Subserosal Fibroids

Subserosal fibroids often grow outward, away from the uterus, and can vary in size from small to very large. Some common symptoms associated with subserosal fibroids include:

Pelvic Pain and Pressure: As subserosal fibroids grow, they can exert pressure on nearby organs, causing pelvic pain or pressure. This can be particularly uncomfortable during menstruation or sexual intercourse.

Abdominal Swelling: Large subserosal fibroids can cause visible swelling or enlargement of the abdomen, leading to discomfort and changes in body shape.

Frequent Urination: Fibroids pressing against the bladder can result in an increased need to urinate frequently.

Constipation and Bloating: If fibroids press on the bowel, they can cause gastrointestinal issues such as constipation and bloating.

Lower Back Pain: The location of subserosal fibroids can also lead to lower back pain, especially if they are pressing on nerves.

Diagnosis of Subserosal Fibroids

Diagnosing subserosal fibroids typically involves a combination of medical history review, physical examination, and imaging tests. Common diagnostic methods include:

Pelvic Examination: A healthcare provider may perform a pelvic exam to check for abnormalities in the shape and size of the uterus.

Ultrasound: An ultrasound scan uses sound waves to create images of the uterus and can help identify the size, number, and location of fibroids.

MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides detailed images of the uterus and is useful for determining the exact position and characteristics of fibroids.

Hysteroscopy and Laparoscopy: These minimally invasive procedures involve inserting a camera into the uterus or abdomen to directly view fibroids and assess their impact.

Treatment Options for Subserosal Fibroids

Treatment for subserosal fibroids depends on the severity of symptoms, size and location of the fibroids, and the patient's overall health and reproductive goals. Options include:

Watchful Waiting: For women with mild symptoms or fibroids that are not causing significant issues, a watchful waiting approach may be recommended, with regular monitoring by a healthcare provider.

Medications: Hormonal medications, such as birth control pills or GnRH agonists, can help manage symptoms by regulating menstrual cycles and reducing fibroid size.

Minimally Invasive Procedures: Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) and laparoscopic myomectomy are minimally invasive options that aim to shrink or remove fibroids while preserving the uterus.

Surgical Options: In cases where fibroids are large or causing severe symptoms, surgical removal may be necessary. Myomectomy involves removing fibroids while leaving the uterus intact, whereas hysterectomy involves removing the uterus entirely.

Subserosal fibroids can significantly impact a woman's quality of life, but there are effective treatments available. By understanding the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options, women can work with their healthcare providers to find the best approach for managing their condition and improving their overall well-being.