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Download CIPS Commercial Contracting Exam Dumps

NEW QUESTION 52
Which of the following statement is true about one-off contract?

A. One-off contracts can be used for services and worksB. Suppliers have many opportunities to improve the quality during the performance of one-off contractC. Ad-hoc purchase is not a type of one-off purchaseD. One-off contracts only apply to low-value, low-risk purchase

Answer: A

Explanation:
One-off contract is the type of contract that relates to a single purchase. One-off contracts can be used for goods, services or works. One-off contract can be simple (such as buying a small number of office stationeries) or complex (such as a construction project or buying an aircraft).
A one-off contract lasts "until completion of the obligations of the parties". The performance is unlikely to be improved during contract performance since the duration is relatively shorter than framework agreement or call-off contract.
Ad-hoc purchase is an item bought for a single and non-recurring use or purpose. Ad-hoc purchase is a type of one-off contract.
Reference:
LO 1, AC 1.3

 

NEW QUESTION 53
Which of the following are driving forces for increasing use of social and environmental criteria in specifications? Select TWO that apply.,

A. Insufficient financial resourcesB. Process efficienciesC. Scarcity of environmentally sustainable suppliersD. Stakeholder pressureE. Carbon footprint measure

Answer: B,D

Explanation:
Reasons for including social and environmental criteria may include the following:
- Expected Cost Savings and Financial Motives
- Management Support and Commitment
- Employees
- Altruistic Values
- Power Imbalances along the supply chain
- Image and Reputation
- Government Regulations
- Customers
- Competitors
Management, employees, government, customers and competitors are among the stakeholders that make pressures to the organisation on social and environmental criteria.
Reference:
- Drivers and Barriers to the Adoption of Sustainable Procurement in SMEs
- CIPS study guide page 95-96
LO 2, AC 2.1

 

NEW QUESTION 54
SFO procurement manager sent a request for quotation to Vogon International in which he determined the contract terms and specification. In SFO's standard terms and conditions, it is stated that 'Goods shall be delivered and Services performed by the applicable Delivery Date. Supplier must notify Buyer 3 days prior to the Delivery Date if Supplier is likely to be unable to meet a Delivery Date.' Vogon replied with a quotation without any amendment to SFO's terms & conditions. The SFO procurement manager found the prices were reasonable and submitted to senior management. Senior management team accepted that quotation and sent a notification to Vogon. On the Delivery Date, Vogon said they had no capacity to supply the product as the quotation due to a workers' strike. Did Vogon breach any agreement with SFO?

A. Yes, because the contract was formed since Vogon had sent the quotation as an acceptance to SFO's offerB. No, because Vogon had no intention to be bound by the quotation, therefore, it didn't constitute a contractC. Yes, because the contract had been formed between SFO and Vogon with the quotation as an offer and the notification as an acceptanceD. No, because the strike is a force majeur event, so Vogon did not breach any contract with SFO

Answer: C

Explanation:
SFO issued an RFQ with defined terms and condition and detailed specification. This RFQ can be considered as an invitation to treat. Vogon's quotation is an answer to the purchaser's RFQ and is an offer to SFO. The contract come to life at the time Vogon received the notification from SFO senior management.
The strike may be a force majeur event, depending on the contract particular clauses and jurisdiction. In common law countries, force majeur is applicable as an exclusion of liability only if the contract allows it. In many civil law countries, force majeur is an implied term. But in every jurisdiction, force majeur is only a reason for excluding liability for non-performance of a contract. In other words, the non-performance party is not liable for any breach if force majeur event occurs but the event does not exclude the breach.
LO 1, AC 1.2

 

NEW QUESTION 55
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